|
Julio de Urquijo e Ibarra, Count of Urquijo (1871-1950), in Basque self-styled as Julio Urkixokoa,〔Jose Luis Lizundia Askondo, ''Julio Urkixo, a mirror of the variety that exists in the world of the Basque Language'', () ''Revista internacional de los estudios vascos. Ejemplar centenario'', Donostia 2007, ISBN 9788484191506, p. 104; in present-day Basque the accepted spelling is "Urkixo"〕 was a Basque linguist, cultural activist, and a Spanish Carlist politician. ==Family and youth== Julio Gabriel Ospín de Urquijo〔spelling after the official Cortes service, compare (here ). Some Spanish (not Basque) publications prefer the "Urkijo" spelling, compare ''Argia'' service, available (here )〕 e Ibarra,〔the official Cortes service prefers the “Ibarra” version which is followed also here. Many other publications prefer “Ybarra” spelling, see Cristóbal Robles Muñoz, ''José María de Urquijo e Ybarra: opinión, religión y poder'', Madrid 1997, ISBN 8400076680, 9788400076689〕Goicoechea,〔after the official Cortes service. Some sources prefer the "Goigoechea" spelling, compare Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 29〕 y Arambarri was born into a wealthy and distinguished family originating from Valle de Ayala.〔for the family see ''Heraldicablog'' service available (here )〕 Julio’s grandfather, Serapio Ospín Urquijo y Zabalegui,〔see ''Geni'' generalogical service available (here )〕 for many years served as secretary of the Bilbao council;〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 29, Serapio Urquijo for was first nominated secretary of the Bilbao ayuntamiento during the First Carlist War and served until the late 1870s, Joseba Agirreazkuenaga, ''Diccionario biográfico de los alcaldes de Bilbao y gestión municipal, en tiempos de revolución liberal e industrial'', vol. 1 (1836-1901), Bilbao 2002, ISBN 8488714637, pp. 119, 121-4, 132, 139, 148, 159, 166, 172, 173〕 Julio’s father, Nicasio Adolfo Ospín Urquijo Goicoechea (1839-1895), was dean of the local Colegio de abogados, ayuntamiento official〔namely magistrado suplente de la audiencia and regidor del ayuntamiento, Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 39〕 and briefly deputy to the Cortes.〔see official Cortes service available (here )〕 In 1865〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 30〕 he married María del Rosario de Ibarra y Arambarri (1846-1875),〔see ''Geneallnet'' service available (here )〕 heir to the family which already formed part of the Basque industrial oligarchy;〔Pablo Díaz Morlan, ''Los Ybarra: Una dinastía de empresarios (1801-2001)'', Madrid 2002, ISBN 8495379430, 9788495379436, pp. 1801-2001〕 it controlled 40% of the Biscay iron ore mining.〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 32〕 Her father and Julio’s maternal grandfather was among provincial political magnates; he served as president of Diputación de Vizcaya and held a number of other official positions, apart from leading many commercial and corporative bodies.〔he was regidor of Bilbao in 1845, judge, president of Junta de Agricultura y Comercio in 1857 and prior of Tribunal de Comercio in 1865, member of Comisión de Estadística and Junta de Caridad, president of Comisiones para la Exposición Universal de Paris (1867) and Viena (1872), member of Junta del Ferrocarril de Tudela a Bilbao, Junta de Aranceles and Fomento de la Marina Nacional. Together with marqués de Villarias and conde de Peña-Florida he negotiated the fueros following the Third Carlist War, Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 29〕 In 1869 Adolfo and Rosario moved to Deusto, at that time a suburb of Bilbao;〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 31〕 they settled at the La Cava residence, just completed by Rosario’s father.〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 30〕 The couple had 5〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 30-1〕 children, 2 daughters and 3 sons.〔see ''Generallnet'' service available (here ); some sources claim there was also another brother Fernando (b. 1869), see ''Geneanet'' service available (here )〕 During the Third Carlist War the family left Deusto and settled in Santander, where Julio in his early childhood was orphaned by his mother. From that moment onwards it was her sister Rafaela Ibarra who took care of early education of her nephews.〔Jose A. Arana Martija, ''Julio Urkixo'', Vitoria-Gasteiz 1993, , p. 3〕 Following a brief spell in La Ribera, the family returned to La Cava, repaired after the war damages suffered,〔Arana Martija 1993, p. 3〕 in 1878.〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 31〕 In 1891 Adolfo Urquijo and his family moved to Bilbao.〔where they settled at calle Huertas, Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 31〕 La Cava remained the property of Rafaela and her family.〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 31〕 Julio received secondary education at Instituto de Bilbao. Following the bachillerato obtained in 1887,〔Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta, ''Julio Urquijo Ybarra'' entry () ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' online, available (here )〕 the same year he enrolled at faculty of law at the Jesuit Deusto college, just set up with immense financial and organizational help of the Ibarra family.〔Arana Martija 1993, p. 4〕 Urquijo crowned his university career graduating in derecho canonigo y civil at the University of Salamanca in 1892.〔Estornés Zubizarreta, ''Julio Urquijo Ybarra'' entry“() ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' online, Arana Martija 1993, p. 5〕 Inheriting enough wealth, he did not commence professional law career.〔Bernhard Hurch, Maria Jose Kerejeta, ''Introducción'', () ''Hugo Schuchardt - Julio de Urquijo. Correspondencia (1906-1927)'', Donostia 1997, ISBN 848373009X, p. 10; he kept growing his wealth, e.g. in 1920 Urquijo and his wife became shareholders of Coto Minero Rio Hoyo y Ontón company, Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 343〕 In 1894 Urquijo married Vicenta de Olazábal y Álvarez de Eulate;〔Robles Muñoz 1997, p. 43〕 her father, Tirso de Olazábal, was leader of Gipuzkoan Carlism and one of national party jefes. The couple settled at the estate carved out from the Olazábal holding in Saint-Jean-de-Luz, in the French province of Labourd just 8 km from the Spanish frontier.〔his father-in-law, heavily involved in Carlist conspiracy against the Madrid government, preferred to live in France rather than to face administrative harassment in Spain〕 Julio and Vicenta had no issue. Many Urquijo’s relatives made their names in politics. His older brother Adolfo was an Alfonsist politician, deputy, president of the Biscay Diputación, publisher and vascólogo;〔Idoia Estornés Zubizarreta, ''Adolfo Gabriel Urquijo Ybarra'' entry () ''Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia'' online, available (here )〕 Julio’s younger brother José became a conservative politician, deputy, publisher of ''Gaceta del Norte'' and businessman. Julio’s nephews served as mayors of Bilbao in the early and late 1930s;〔Adolfo Gabriel González de Careaga Urquijo in 1930-31 and José María González de Careaga Urquijo in 1938-39, see Joseba Agirreazkuenaga, Mikel Urquijo (eds.), ''Bilbao desde sus alcaldes: Diccionario biográfico de los alcaldes de Bilbao y gestión municipal en la Dictadura'', vol. 3 (1937-1979), Bilbao 2008, pp. 147-168〕 another one became a rally driver.〔see ''Blog de Cesar Estornes de historia y deportes'', available (here )〕 Julio's aunt Rafaela〔see ''Geni'' genealogical service available (here )〕 founded Congregación de los Santos Angeles Custodios; in 1984 she was beatified by the Roman Catholic Church and her canonization process is ongoing.〔see Foundation Blessed Rafaela Ybarra site, available (here )〕 Six members of Julio’s family, including his brother José, were executed by Republicans during the early months of the Civil War.〔Javier G. Chamorro, ''Bitarte: humanidades e historia del conflicto vasco-navarro: fueros, constitución y autodeterminación'', Donostia 2009, ISBN 8461307119, 9788461307111, p. 222〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julio de Urquijo e Ibarra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|